自我造血:是公益组织的救命稻草,还是致命陷阱?
<div style="max-width:677px;overflow:hidden;"><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">作者:张以勋(公益慈善论坛联合创始人、主编)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">最近,几位伙伴在公益慈善论坛的微信群里聊起行业风向。一位朋友感慨:“你们有没有发现,‘自我造血’这个词现在提得少了?早些年,那可是一开口就是——唯有‘造血’才是出路啊!”</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">另一位朋友则直接反驳:“我从来就觉得‘自我造血’是个伪命题。折腾了十几年,号称能造血的模式没撑起行业,反倒搞得一地鸡毛。不少机构为了赚钱,乱象丛生,最后逼走了一批真正想做事的理想主义者。”</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">这话听着刺耳,细想之下,却确实触及了公益行业的深层焦虑。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">先看一组扎心数据:某省民政厅调研发现,当地注册的社会组织中,能活过三年的不到30%,其中<span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">80%的“死因”是资金链断裂。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">一家助学组织的办公室墙上贴满孩子们的奖状,可项目申请书改了十几遍仍拿不到资助,最终三个教学点因付不起房租,缩减成一个。另一家做留守儿童心理辅导的机构,靠创始人卖房撑了五年,最后还是躲不过关门结局。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">像这样缺钱缺资源、艰难求生的机构,还有很多。为了摆脱困境,众多机构不约而同地想到了“自我造血”。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">于是,这些年来,仿佛不搞点“造血”,公益组织就活该被淘汰。然而,当我们冷静审视这股热潮,不禁要问:这个被捧上神坛的“自我造血”,究竟是行业可持续发展的救命稻草,还是一个让无数组织深陷泥潭的致命陷阱?</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><br></span></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="170663"><section style="margin: 10px auto;display: flex;justify-content: center;"><section style="padding-left: 7px;box-sizing:border-box;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;"><section style="margin-bottom: -20px;"><section style="font-size: 16px;color: #ffffff;text-align:center;background-color: #ffab3d;padding: 5px 7px;box-sizing:border-box;"><strong><span leaf="">0</span></strong><strong data-original-title="" title=""><span leaf="">1</span></strong></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: #ffab3d;margin-left: -6px;margin-top: 1px;box-sizing:border-box;"><span leaf=""><br></span></section></section></section><section style="background: linear-gradient(to right,#1a3782,#1a3782);padding: 9px 20px 9px 30px;margin-left: 16px;box-sizing:border-box;"><section style="font-size: 20px;color: #ffffff;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong data-brushtype="text"><span leaf="">造血之路,失败多过成功</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-top: 48px;"><span leaf=""></span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">首先得承认,“自我造血”的初衷闪耀着理想主义的光泽:<span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">通过创造可持续的收入来源,摆脱对外部输血的绝对依赖,从而更自主、更持久地解决社会问题。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">毕竟,全靠外部捐款总归不稳定。经济下行时,金主们最先削减的往往就是捐赠预算。与其看人脸色吃饭,不如自己搞点营生,既能解决社会问题,又能养活自己——就像那句老话说的:授人以鱼不如授人以渔。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">现实中,也确实有机构跑通了这条路。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">安徽安庆的“沐阳之家”残疾儿童康复中心,曾长期入不敷出。2017年,他们转型创办了一家洗涤科技公司,将利润反哺公益。公司章程明确规定,每年70%的利润必须用于康复中心。几年下来,这家洗涤厂年收入超过400万,利润90多万,不仅解决了残疾人的就业问题,还实打实地为康复中心“输血”。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">杭州的“手心咖啡”,自闭症咖啡师冲泡的拿铁售价38元,门口却常排长队。他们售卖的何止是咖啡,更是“残障人士社会融合”的解决方案。三家分店,二十余个就业岗位,是其交出的答卷。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">国强公益基金会则通过设立五家社会企业,布局农业、文旅等领域,规定每年净利润的30%回馈基金会,几年下来反哺资金超千万。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">数据摆在这里,确实有成功的案例。这说明,<span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">只要方向对、团队专业,公益机构也可以“赚钱”。这也是因为,</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">公益的核心是解决问题,而解决问题的能力本身就值钱。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf=""></span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">然而,理想丰满,现实骨感。<span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">更多的“造血”尝试,最终沦为“失血”的泥潭。</span>那位朋友口中的“一地鸡毛”,才是常态。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">为什么大多数机构搞“自我造血”会失败?根本原因在于,公益人<span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">大多是“情怀驱动”,而非“市场驱动”。</span>我们擅长发现社会问题、提供专业服务,却未必具备在残酷的商业市场中搏杀的能力。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">前阵子闹得沸沸扬扬的“嫣然天使儿童医院”欠租事件,就是一个活生生的例子。李亚鹏创办的这家医院,当初也是想着“自我造血”,既做公益救助,又做高端医疗,用市场的钱养公益的活。结果却欠下2600多万租金,差点关门。问题出在哪?公益的钱和商业的钱,是两笔账。嫣然基金的捐款必须专款专用,只能用于治病,不能拿来交房租。医院想靠市场赚钱,运营能力却跟不上,造血没造出来,反倒把自己拖垮。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">更离谱的是,有些机构为了“造血”,硬逼着自己去做不擅长的事。让一群社工去开网店,让支教的人去直播带货,结果往往是主业荒废,副业也毫无起色。这种“只谈造血,不谈专业”的导向,不仅无法实现资源增值,反而可能导致财务管理混乱,甚至引发腐败。如某地救援队被撤销登记,正是因为捐赠资金被以工程款名义转给个人,账目混乱——这样的组织别说造血,不“吸血”就算不错了。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">深圳社创星的夏璇直言不讳地指出:现在很多社会企业的通病是太讲情怀,不讲商业。一边说要参与市场竞争,一边又指望兄弟单位或投资方兜底销售。最后折腾一圈,钱没赚到,主业也荒废了。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><br></span></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="170663"><section style="margin: 10px auto;display: flex;justify-content: center;"><section style="padding-left: 7px;box-sizing:border-box;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;"><section style="margin-bottom: -20px;"><section style="font-size: 16px;color: #ffffff;text-align:center;background-color: #ffab3d;padding: 5px 7px;box-sizing:border-box;"><strong><span leaf="">0</span></strong><strong data-original-title="" title=""><span leaf="">2</span></strong></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: #ffab3d;margin-left: -6px;margin-top: 1px;box-sizing:border-box;"><span leaf=""><br></span></section></section></section><section style="background: linear-gradient(to right,#1a3782,#1a3782);padding: 9px 20px 9px 30px;margin-left: 16px;box-sizing:border-box;"><section style="font-size: 20px;color: #ffffff;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong data-brushtype="text"><span leaf="">乱造血,会要命</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-top: 48px;"><span leaf=""></span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">除了能力不足可能导致失败,“自我造血”还面临一个更根本、常被忽视的问题——法律允许吗?</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">2024年9月实施的新修改的《慈善法》第四条明确规定,开展慈善活动,应当遵循非营利的原则。所谓“非营利”,不是不能有收入,而是赚来的钱不能分给个人,必须全部用于公益事业。这条红线划得清楚明白,但在实际操作中,很多机构“造血”模式下的公司资产与机构资产混同,触犯了《慈善法》关于慈善财产管理的规定。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">国强公益基金会也遇到过类似问题。他们想找银行贷款,银行要求基金会担保。结果《慈善法》规定,基金会不得提供担保,融资谈判就此终止。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">法律的本意是保护慈善财产的公益性,防止有人浑水摸鱼,但在实际操作中,也确实给“自我造血”设置了一道很难跨越的坎。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">更核心的风险在于,当“造血”被过度强调,机构在商业化的道路上越走越远时,极易发生使命偏离。</span>有分析指出,“造血”的核心是用商品化思维看待人,将其定义为“付费消费者”。这种转变可能带来服务商品化与服务使命的冲突——为了维持商品化项目的成长性,机构可能会将资源更多地投向高收益项目,而真正需要帮助的弱势群体,则难以获得同等质量的服务机会。此时,我们是否还记得,公益的初心是什么?</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><br></span></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="170663"><section style="margin: 10px auto;display: flex;justify-content: center;"><section style="padding-left: 7px;box-sizing:border-box;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;"><section style="margin-bottom: -20px;"><section style="font-size: 16px;color: #ffffff;text-align:center;background-color: #ffab3d;padding: 5px 7px;box-sizing:border-box;"><strong><span leaf="">0</span></strong><strong data-original-title="" title=""><span leaf="">3</span></strong></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: #ffab3d;margin-left: -6px;margin-top: 1px;box-sizing:border-box;"><span leaf=""><br></span></section></section></section><section style="background: linear-gradient(to right,#1a3782,#1a3782);padding: 9px 20px 9px 30px;margin-left: 16px;box-sizing:border-box;"><section style="font-size: 20px;color: #ffffff;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong data-brushtype="text"><span leaf="">造血不是目的,可持续才是</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-top: 48px;"><span leaf=""></span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">说了这么多,我并非要全盘否定“自我造血”。我只是想说,我们必须认清它的位置——它只是一条路,不是唯一的路,更不是万能的解药。或者说,<span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">“造血”并不是让公益组织变成赚钱机器,而是构建一种“公益为体,经营为用”的可持续路径。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">那么,什么样的“造血”才值得尝试?</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">第一,从真需求出发,而非自嗨。</span>南京某组织针对新市民设计服务:给快递员做“城市地图培训”(认识路线、避开违章),给家政阿姨开“沟通技巧课”,99-299元的收费课程报名火爆,因为戳中了对方的真实痛点。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">第二,把服务标准化,让价值可衡量。</span>就像连锁奶茶店有固定配方,公益服务也能标准化——比如做家庭教育指导,整理出“0-3岁育儿手册”“青春期沟通指南”,固定咨询流程、时长和效果评估,让客户清晰知道付费能获得什么。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">第三,线上线下联动,让价值被看见。</span>杭州“益起行”做乡村研学,拍纪录片《稻田里的课堂》在短视频平台播放量破千万,很多家长看后主动预约,套餐需提前两个月排队。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">第四,设计合理的商业模式闭环。</span>可参考“以投代捐”模式,通过公益基金的循环利用,助力创业者启动项目,待其创业成功后反哺公益基金,形成良性循环。或像“心希望工程”那样,构建“用户使用→广告变现→服务延续”的闭环。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">第五,政策支持不能缺位。</span>民办非营利机构理应享受的土地、税收等优惠政策需要落到实处。同时,可探索设立专门的公益机构运营支持基金,帮助解决房租、人力等基础运营压力。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">归根结底,可持续的公益,从来不是靠眼泪和同情,更不是靠强行“内卷”式的自我造血,而是靠机构自身的<span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">专业能力和公信力</span>。只要你的服务够专业,账目够透明,能真正解决社会问题,自然会有人愿意为你“输血”。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><br></span></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="170663"><section style="margin: 10px auto;display: flex;justify-content: center;"><section style="padding-left: 7px;box-sizing:border-box;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;"><section style="margin-bottom: -20px;"><section style="font-size: 16px;color: #ffffff;text-align:center;background-color: #ffab3d;padding: 5px 7px;box-sizing:border-box;"><strong><span leaf="">0</span></strong><strong data-original-title="" title=""><span leaf="">4</span></strong></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: #ffab3d;margin-left: -6px;margin-top: 1px;box-sizing:border-box;"><span leaf=""><br></span></section></section></section><section style="background: linear-gradient(to right,#1a3782,#1a3782);padding: 9px 20px 9px 30px;margin-left: 16px;box-sizing:border-box;"><section style="font-size: 20px;color: #ffffff;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong data-brushtype="text"><span leaf="">守住初心,才是根本</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 48px;"></section><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">说到底,公益的魅力与力量,从来不止于商业模式的新颖,更在于对弱势处境的深切体察,对社会问题的坚韧回应,以及由此建立的深厚社会信任。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">“自我造血”既非伪命题,也非万能灵丹。它是一把需要极高技巧才能驾驭的利器。</span>用好了,能让善意走得更远、更稳健;用歪了,则可能伤及根基,让初心蒙尘。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">我们呼吁一种理性、务实的氛围:<span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(27, 129, 214);font-weight: bold;">扔掉“公益必须免费”的道德绑架,也警惕“造血就能解决一切”的盲目幻觉。</span>让有能力、有条件的机构,在恪守公益底线的前提下勇敢探索市场化路径;也让那些专注于提供无可替代专业服务的机构,能因其纯粹与卓越而获得生存发展的资源。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">真正的可持续,是使命的可持续,价值的可持续。这条路注定不易,但唯其如此,我们才能让那些真心做事的人,不必在“理想”与“面包”间做残酷抉择,既能守护出发时的灯塔,也能走实脚下的路。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;">这,才是整个行业最需要“造血”的根基所在。</span></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor"><section><span leaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">作者:</span></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.544px;color: rgb(65, 70, 75);font-size: 15px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;"><span leaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">张以勋,青海人,中级社工,素食者,2006年创办自媒体平台“公益慈善论坛”(公众号ID:</span></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.544px;color: rgb(65, 70, 75);font-size: 15px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;"><span leaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">loongzone2006),致力于公益慈善资讯传播与常识普及,由个人独立运营,无任何机构背景,未接受任何资助。</span></span></p></section><section style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;margin: 10px 0px 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;display: flex;align-items: center;"><section data-width="100%" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;width: 599px;height: 1px;background-color: rgb(118, 69, 52);flex: 1 1 0%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></span></section><section style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;margin: 0px 0px 0px 8px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;width: 70px;line-height: 1.75em;"></section></section></section><p style="line-height: 1.75em;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: normal;">来源:公益慈善论坛</span></span></p><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type></p></div>
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